Wasgamuwa National Park
Overview of Wasgamuwa National Park
Wasgamuwa National Park, located in the Sri Lankan districts of Matale and Polonnaruwa, was designated a national park in 1984. The region now Wasgamuwa National Park was originally a part of the Mahaweli Development Project, a significant irrigation project that began in the 1970s. As a result, a considerable portion of the park’s forest cover was lost, and the native fauna was relocated.
In the late 1970s, environmentalists began advocating for the region to be designated a wildlife sanctuary. Finally, in 1980, following several years of talks, the Sri Lankan government established the area as a protected wildlife sanctuary. The park covers an area of 36,948 hectares and has many flora and wildlife, including elephants, sloth bears, leopards, and over 143 birds.
Also, the park plays a vital role in preserving Sri Lanka’s cultural history. Many ancient temples and ruins are located in this region, notably the Sasseruwa Temple, which dates back to the third century BCE. The park also features several historical irrigation systems, like the Yoda Ela, constructed in the 12th century by King Parakramabahu the Great.
Wildlife in Wasgamuwa National Park
Wasgamuwa National Park is a haven for wildlife enthusiasts, offering a glimpse into Sri Lanka’s diverse wildlife. The park is home to various species, including large mammals, primates, and birdlife.
Elephants
Wasgamuwa National Park is renowned for its large population of elephants. Visitors to the park can witness herds of these majestic creatures roaming freely, often seen in groups of 20-30 individuals. Elephant sightings are most common during the dry season when they come to the park’s waterholes to quench their thirst.
Other Mammals
In addition to elephants, visitors to Wasgamuwa National Park may also spot a variety of other mammals. The park is home to sloth bears, leopards, spotted deer, sambars, and wild boars. These animals can often be seen grazing on the grasslands or hiding in the park’s forested areas.
Primates
Wasgamuwa National Park is also home to several species of primates, including toque macaques, purple-faced langurs, and the endemic grey langur. These playful creatures can be seen swinging from tree to tree and feeding on fruits and leaves.
Birdlife
The park’s diverse habitats provide a home for over 143 species of birds, making it a birdwatcher’s paradise. Bird species in the park include:
- The Sri Lanka junglefowl.
- The painted stork.
- The great white pelican.
- The crested hawk-eagle.